Moses transforms from lawgiver to divine agent of selective judgment, wielding God's power to distinguish between Egyptian and Israelite livestock with surgical precision.
1Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go in to Pharaoh, and tell him, ‘This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: “Let my people go, that they may serve me.
2For if you refuse to let them go, and hold them still,
3behold, the LORD’s hand is on your livestock which are in the field, on the horses, on the donkeys, on the camels, on the herds, and on the flocks with a very grievous pestilence.
4The LORD will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt; and nothing shall die of all that belongs to the children of Israel.”’”
5The LORD appointed a set time, saying, “Tomorrow the LORD shall do this thing in the land.”
6The LORD did that thing on the next day; and all the livestock of Egypt died, but of the livestock of the children of Israel, not one died.
7Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the livestock of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he didn’t let the people go.
8The LORD said to Moses and to Aaron, “Take handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the sky in the sight of Pharaoh.
9It shall become small dust over all the land of Egypt, and shall be boils and blisters breaking out on man and on animal, throughout all the land of Egypt.”
10They took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward the sky; and it became boils and blisters breaking out on man and on animal.
11The magicians couldn’t stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boils were on the magicians and on all the Egyptians.
12The LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he didn’t listen to them, as the LORD had spoken to Moses.
13The LORD said to Moses, “Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and tell him, ‘This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: “Let my people go, that they may serve me.
14For this time I will send all my plagues against your heart, against your officials, and against your people; that you may know that there is no one like me in all the earth.
15For now I would have stretched out my hand, and struck you and your people with pestilence, and you would have been cut off from the earth;
16but indeed for this cause I have made you stand: to show you my power, and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth,
17because you still exalt yourself against my people, that you won’t let them go.
18Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as has not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.
19Now therefore command that all of your livestock and all that you have in the field be brought into shelter. The hail will come down on every man and animal that is found in the field, and isn’t brought home, and they will die.”’”
20Those who feared the LORD’s word among the servants of Pharaoh made their servants and their livestock flee into the houses.
21Whoever didn’t respect the LORD’s word left his servants and his livestock in the field.
22The LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, on man, and on animal, and on every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.”
23Moses stretched out his rod toward the heavens, and the LORD sent thunder and hail; and lightning flashed down to the earth. The LORD rained hail on the land of Egypt.
24So there was very severe hail, and lightning mixed with the hail, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.
25The hail struck throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and animal; and the hail struck every herb of the field, and broke every tree of the field.
26Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, there was no hail.
27Pharaoh sent and called for Moses and Aaron, and said to them, “I have sinned this time. The LORD is righteous, and I and my people are wicked.
28Pray to the LORD; for there has been enough of mighty thunderings and hail. I will let you go, and you shall stay no longer.”
29Moses said to him, “As soon as I have gone out of the city, I will spread out my hands to the LORD. The thunders shall cease, and there will not be any more hail; that you may know that the earth is the LORD’s.
30But as for you and your servants, I know that you don’t yet fear the LORD God.”
31The flax and the barley were struck, for the barley had ripened and the flax was blooming.
32But the wheat and the spelt were not struck, for they had not grown up.
33Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread out his hands to the LORD; and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured on the earth.
34When Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunders had ceased, he sinned yet more, and hardened his heart, he and his servants.
35The heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go, just as the LORD had spoken through Moses.
Exodus 9 records three devastating plagues that demonstrate God's escalating judgment against Egypt and His protective care for Israel. The fifth plague strikes Egyptian livestock with disease while sparing Israel's animals, the sixth plague afflicts both humans and animals with painful boils, and the seventh plague brings destructive hail with advance warning. Despite these clear demonstrations of divine power and the magicians' inability to counter them, Pharaoh's heart remains hardened, setting the stage for even more severe judgments.
Context
This chapter continues the plague sequence from chapters 7-8, intensifying God's judgment while building toward the climactic final plagues in chapter 10-12.
Key Themes
Outline
The fifth plague strikes Egyptian livestock with disease while protecting Israelite animals, demonstrating God's distinction between His people and Egypt. Pharaoh's heart remains stubborn despite the clear evidence.
person_contrast
Moses transforms from lawgiver to divine agent of selective judgment, wielding God's power to distinguish between Egyptian and Israelite livestock with surgical precision.
Moses and Aaron bring the sixth plague of boils upon Egypt, affecting both people and animals including the magicians. God hardens Pharaoh's heart as He had foretold to Moses.
person_contrast
Moses transforms from lawgiver to divine agent of judgment, wielding furnace ashes like a cosmic weapon that renders even Egypt's magicians powerless to stand before Pharaoh.
God sends the seventh plague of devastating hail upon Egypt through Moses, demonstrating His supreme power and demanding Pharaoh release the Israelites. Some Egyptians who feared God's word protected their livestock, while others who ignored the warning suffered destruction.
person_contrast
Moses commands nature itself as God's agent, wielding divine sovereignty over creation rather than his typical role as lawgiver and mediator of covenant obedience.
Moses transforms from lawgiver to divine agent of selective judgment, wielding God's power to distinguish between Egyptian and Israelite livestock with surgical precision.
Moses transforms from lawgiver to divine agent of judgment, wielding furnace ashes like a cosmic weapon that renders even Egypt's magicians powerless to stand before Pharaoh.
Moses commands nature itself as God's agent, wielding divine sovereignty over creation rather than his typical role as lawgiver and mediator of covenant obedience.
Connected passages across Scripture
A mixed multitude went up also with them, with flocks, herds, and even very much livestock.
They brought their livestock to Joseph, and Joseph gave them bread in exchange for the horses, and for the flocks, and f…
His possessions also were seven thousand sheep, three thousand camels, five hundred yoke of oxen, five hundred female do…
The LORD has blessed my master greatly. He has become great. The LORD has given him flocks and herds, silver and gold, m…
They took away their livestock: of their camels fifty thousand, and of sheep two hundred fifty thousand, and of donkeys…
He spoke to the man clothed in linen, and said, “Go in between the whirling wheels, even under the cherub, and fill both…
Better is a handful, with quietness, than two handfuls with labor and chasing after wind.
He shall take a censer full of coals of fire from off the altar before the LORD, and two handfuls of sweet incense beate…
The LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up on the land…
For they covered the surface of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened, and they ate every herb of the land, and…
I will give grass in your fields for your livestock, and you shall eat and be full.
How long will the land mourn, and the herbs of the whole country wither? Because of the wickedness of those who dwell th…
For they covered the surface of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened, and they ate every herb of the land, and…
I will give grass in your fields for your livestock, and you shall eat and be full.
How long will the land mourn, and the herbs of the whole country wither? Because of the wickedness of those who dwell th…
and they shall cover the surface of the earth, so that one won’t be able to see the earth. They shall eat the residue of…
Word-by-word original language
Places and events in this chapter
Israel's miraculous deliverance from Egyptian slavery under Moses' leadership, including the ten plagues and Red Sea crossing. This foundational event established Israel as God's chosen nation.
The livestock plague demonstrates God's protection of Israelite animals while destroying Egyptian herds.
Fifth Plague: Livestock DiseaseIsrael's miraculous deliverance from Egyptian slavery under Moses' leadership, including the ten plagues and Red Sea crossing. This foundational event established Israel as God's chosen nation.
The boil plague affects even Egyptian magicians, showing God's complete dominance over opposition.
Sixth Plague: BoilsIsrael's miraculous deliverance from Egyptian slavery under Moses' leadership, including the ten plagues and Red Sea crossing. This foundational event established Israel as God's chosen nation.
The hail plague reveals God's supreme power while offering mercy to Egyptians who fear Him.
Seventh Plague: Hail