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Jeremiah 11

The Broken Covenant

1The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,

2“Hear the words of this covenant, and speak to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem;

3and say to them, the LORD, the God of Israel says: ‘Cursed is the man who doesn’t hear the words of this covenant,

4which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace,’ saying, ‘Obey my voice and do them, according to all which I command you; so you shall be my people, and I will be your God;

5that I may establish the oath which I swore to your fathers, to give them a land flowing with milk and honey,’ as it is today.” Then I answered, and said, “Amen, LORD.”

6The LORD said to me, “Proclaim all these words in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Hear the words of this covenant, and do them.

7For I earnestly protested to your fathers in the day that I brought them up out of the land of Egypt, even to this day, rising early and protesting, saying, “Obey my voice.”

8Yet they didn’t obey, nor turn their ear, but everyone walked in the stubbornness of their evil heart. Therefore I brought on them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they didn’t do them.’”

Conspiracy and Judgment

9The LORD said to me, “A conspiracy is found among the men of Judah, and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

10They have turned back to the iniquities of their forefathers, who refused to hear my words. They have gone after other gods to serve them. The house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant which I made with their fathers.

11Therefore the LORD says, ‘Behold, I will bring evil on them which they will not be able to escape; and they will cry to me, but I will not listen to them.

12Then the cities of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem will go and cry to the gods to which they offer incense, but they will not save them at all in the time of their trouble.

13For according to the number of your cities are your gods, Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem you have set up altars to the shameful thing, even altars to burn incense to Baal.’

14“Therefore don’t pray for this people. Don’t lift up cry or prayer for them; for I will not hear them in the time that they cry to me because of their trouble.

15What has my beloved to do in my house, since she has behaved lewdly with many, and the holy flesh has passed from you? When you do evil, then you rejoice.”

16The LORD called your name, “A green olive tree, beautiful with goodly fruit.” With the noise of a great roar he has kindled fire on it, and its branches are broken.

17For the LORD of Armies, who planted you, has pronounced evil against you, because of the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah, which they have done to themselves in provoking me to anger by offering incense to Baal.

Plot Against Jeremiah's Life

18The LORD gave me knowledge of it, and I knew it. Then you showed me their doings.

19But I was like a gentle lamb that is led to the slaughter. I didn’t know that they had devised plans against me, saying, “Let’s destroy the tree with its fruit, and let’s cut him off from the land of the living, that his name may be no more remembered.”

20But, LORD of Armies, who judges righteously, who tests the heart and the mind, I will see your vengeance on them; for to you I have revealed my cause.

21“Therefore the LORD says concerning the men of Anathoth, who seek your life, saying, ‘You shall not prophesy in the LORD’s name, that you not die by our hand’—

22therefore the LORD of Armies says, ‘Behold, I will punish them. The young men will die by the sword. Their sons and their daughters will die by famine.

23There will be no remnant to them, for I will bring evil on the men of Anathoth, even the year of their visitation.’”

Jeremiah 11 centers on God's covenant with Israel and the consequences of breaking it. The Lord commands Jeremiah to proclaim the terms of the covenant made at Sinai, warning that disobedience brings curses. When the people persist in idolatry and conspiracy against God, judgment becomes inevitable. The chapter concludes with a plot against Jeremiah's life, revealing the personal cost of prophetic ministry and God's promise to protect His messenger.

Context

This chapter follows Jeremiah's temple sermon and expands on the theme of covenant violation, setting up the intensifying conflict between prophet and people that dominates the following chapters.

Key Themes

Outline

  • 1-5
    Covenant Proclamation God commands Jeremiah to remind the people of the covenant terms and blessings promised to their ancestors.
  • 6-8
    Historical Disobedience The Lord recounts Israel's persistent refusal to obey despite repeated warnings since the Exodus.
  • 9-13
    Present Conspiracy God reveals a conspiracy among the people who have returned to idolatry and broken the covenant.
  • 14-17
    Inevitable Judgment The Lord forbids intercession and declares that judgment will come upon the unfaithful nation.
  • 18-23
    Plot Against Jeremiah Jeremiah discovers a plot against his life and appeals to God for justice against his persecutors.

The Broken Covenant

11:1–11:8
prophecy speech solemn

God commands Jeremiah to proclaim the covenant made with Israel's ancestors during the exodus, warning of curses for disobedience. The people have failed to obey God's voice despite His persistent warnings.

person_contrast

Jeremiah's role shifts from prophet of doom to covenant prosecutor, echoing Moses' Deuteronomic curses while transforming ancient treaty language into contemporary indictment.

Conspiracy and Judgment

11:9–11:17
prophecy speech wrathful

God reveals a conspiracy among His people who have broken the covenant by serving other gods and Baal. Divine judgment is pronounced, and God refuses to hear their prayers or accept intercession.

person_contrast

Jeremiah's use of "conspiracy" (qesher) uniquely transforms political rebellion language into covenant betrayal terminology, appearing nowhere else in his prophecies despite his frequent condemnations of idolatry.

Plot Against Jeremiah's Life

11:18–11:23
prophecy narration anguished

Jeremiah discovers a plot against his life by men from his hometown who want to silence his prophetic ministry. God promises to punish the conspirators from Anathoth with death and famine.

person_contrast

Jeremiah's lamb-to-slaughter metaphor uniquely reverses his typical role as God's instrument of judgment, positioning him instead as the innocent victim requiring divine vengeance.

Insights

Insight Character Study

Jeremiah's role shifts from prophet of doom to covenant prosecutor, echoing Moses' Deuteronomic curses while transforming ancient treaty language into contemporary indictment.

Insight Character Study

Jeremiah's use of "conspiracy" (qesher) uniquely transforms political rebellion language into covenant betrayal terminology, appearing nowhere else in his prophecies despite his frequent condemnations of idolatry.

Insight Character Study

Jeremiah's lamb-to-slaughter metaphor uniquely reverses his typical role as God's instrument of judgment, positioning him instead as the innocent victim requiring divine vengeance.

Cross-References

Connected passages across Scripture

Interlinear

Word-by-word original language

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Historical Context

Places and events in this chapter

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Timeline

Exodus

c. 1446 BC

Israel's miraculous deliverance from Egyptian slavery under Moses' leadership, including the ten plagues and Red Sea crossing. This foundational event established Israel as God's chosen nation.

The covenant proclaimed here is the same one God made with Israel's ancestors during exodus.

The Broken Covenant