Ezekiel uniquely links sacred geography with economic justice, as the holy district's precise measurements (25,000 by 10,000 cubits) directly precede commands for honest weights and measures.
Ezekiel 45
The Holy District and Just Measures
1“‘“Moreover, when you divide by lot the land for inheritance, you shall offer an offering to the LORD, a holy portion of the land. The length shall be the length of twenty-five thousand reeds, and the width shall be ten thousand. It shall be holy in all its border all around.
2Of this there shall be a five hundred by five hundred square for the holy place, and fifty cubits for its pasture lands all around.
3Of this measure you shall measure a length of twenty-five thousand, and a width of ten thousand. In it shall be the sanctuary, which is most holy.
4It is a holy portion of the land; it shall be for the priests, the ministers of the sanctuary, who come near to minister to the LORD. It shall be a place for their houses and a holy place for the sanctuary.
5Twenty-five thousand cubits in length and ten thousand in width shall be for the Levites, the ministers of the house, as a possession for themselves, for twenty rooms.
6“‘“You shall appoint the possession of the city five thousand cubits wide and twenty-five thousand long, side by side with the offering of the holy portion. It shall be for the whole house of Israel.
7“‘“What is for the prince shall be on the one side and on the other side of the holy allotment and of the possession of the city, in front of the holy allotment and in front of the possession of the city, on the west side westward, and on the east side eastward, and in length corresponding to one of the portions, from the west border to the east border.
8In the land it shall be to him for a possession in Israel. My princes shall no more oppress my people, but they shall give the land to the house of Israel according to their tribes.”
9“‘The Lord GOD says: “Enough, you princes of Israel! Remove violence and plunder, and execute justice and righteousness! Stop dispossessing my people!” says the Lord GOD.
10“You shall have just balances, a just ephah, and a just bath.
11The ephah and the bath shall be of one measure, that the bath may contain one tenth of a homer, and the ephah one tenth of a homer. Its measure shall be the same as the homer.
12The shekel shall be twenty gerahs. Twenty shekels plus twenty-five shekels plus fifteen shekels shall be your mina.
Offerings and Festivals
13“‘“This is the offering that you shall offer: the sixth part of an ephah from a homer of wheat, and you shall give the sixth part of an ephah from a homer of barley,
14and the set portion of oil, of the bath of oil, one tenth of a bath out of the cor, which is ten baths, even a homer (for ten baths are a homer),
15and one lamb of the flock out of two hundred, from the well-watered pastures of Israel—for a meal offering, for a burnt offering, and for peace offerings, to make atonement for them,” says the Lord GOD.
16“All the people of the land shall give to this offering for the prince in Israel.
17It shall be the prince’s part to give the burnt offerings, the meal offerings, and the drink offerings, in the feasts, and on the new moons, and on the Sabbaths, in all the appointed feasts of the house of Israel. He shall prepare the sin offering, the meal offering, the burnt offering, and the peace offerings, to make atonement for the house of Israel.”
18“‘The Lord GOD says: “In the first month, on the first day of the month, you shall take a young bull without defect, and you shall cleanse the sanctuary.
19The priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering and put it on the door posts of the house, and on the four corners of the ledge of the altar, and on the posts of the gate of the inner court.
20So you shall do on the seventh day of the month for everyone who errs, and for him who is simple. So you shall make atonement for the house.
21“‘“In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, you shall have the Passover, a feast of seven days; unleavened bread shall be eaten.
22On that day the prince shall prepare for himself and for all the people of the land a bull for a sin offering.
23The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bulls and seven rams without defect daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin offering.
24He shall prepare a meal offering, an ephah for a bull, an ephah for a ram, and a hin of oil to an ephah.
25“‘“In the seventh month, on the fifteenth day of the month, during the feast, he shall do like that for seven days. He shall make the same provision for sin offering, the burnt offering, the meal offering, and the oil.”
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Theme
Ezekiel 45 details the allocation of the restored land, establishing a holy district for the temple, priests, Levites, and city, with specific portions for the prince. God demands honest weights and measures from Israel's leaders, condemning their past oppression and corruption. The chapter concludes with regulations for offerings and festivals, specifying the prince's role in providing sacrifices for the people's atonement and worship.
Context
This chapter continues Ezekiel's temple vision from chapters 40-44, transitioning from temple architecture to the practical governance and worship of the restored community.
Key Themes
Outline
- 1-8 The Holy District and Land Allocation Detailed measurements for the sacred territory, including portions for the sanctuary, priests, Levites, city, and prince.
- 9-12 Call for Justice and Honest Measures God condemns the princes' oppression and demands honest weights, measures, and business practices.
- 13-17 Required Offerings for the Prince Specifications for grain, oil, and livestock offerings that the people must provide to the prince.
- 18-25 Festival Regulations and Sacrifices Instructions for purification rituals and sacrificial requirements during Passover and the autumn festival.
The Holy District and Just Measures
45:1–45:12 prophecy instruction solemn
Instructions for dividing the holy district of land among priests, Levites, and the city, along with the prince's portion. God commands just weights and measures and condemns oppression by rulers.
theme_rarity
Ezekiel uniquely links sacred geography with economic justice, as the holy district's precise measurements (25,000 by 10,000 cubits) directly precede commands for honest weights and measures.
Offerings and Festivals
45:13–45:25 prophecy instruction solemn
Detailed regulations for offerings that the people must provide and the prince must present during festivals. Specific instructions are given for Passover and other appointed feasts with their required sacrifices.
theme_rarity
Ezekiel's festival regulations uniquely combine sabbath observance with sacrificial requirements, a pairing found in only one other biblical passage, highlighting the temple's role in unifying Israel's sacred calendar.
Insights
Ezekiel's festival regulations uniquely combine sabbath observance with sacrificial requirements, a pairing found in only one other biblical passage, highlighting the temple's role in unifying Israel's sacred calendar.
Cross-References
Connected passages across Scripture
Ezekiel 45:1 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 48:9 Lexical
“The offering that you shall offer to the LORD shall be twenty-five thousand reeds in length, and ten thousand in width.
Ezekiel 48:8 Lexical
“By the border of Judah, from the east side to the west side, shall be the offering which you shall offer, twenty-five t…
Ezekiel 48:10 Lexical
For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand in length, and toward…
Ezekiel 48:13 Lexical
“Alongside the border of the priests, the Levites shall have twenty-five thousand cubits in length and ten thousand in w…
Ezekiel 48:20 Lexical
All the offering shall be a square of twenty-five thousand by twenty-five thousand. You shall offer it as a holy offerin…
Ezekiel 45:2 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 40:29 Lexical
with its lodges, its posts, and its arches, according to these measurements. There were windows in it and in its arches…
Ezekiel 40:36 Lexical
its lodges, its posts, and its arches. There were windows in it all around. The length was fifty cubits and the width tw…
Ezekiel 40:25 Lexical
There were windows in it and in its arches all around, like the other windows: the length was fifty cubits, and the widt…
Ezekiel 40:33 Lexical
with its lodges, its posts, and its arches, according to these measurements. There were windows in it and in its arches…
Exodus 27:1 Lexical
“You shall make the altar of acacia wood, five cubits long, and five cubits wide. The altar shall be square. Its height…
Ezekiel 45:3 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 48:10 Lexical
For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand in length, and toward…
Ezekiel 41:2 Lexical
The width of the entrance was ten cubits, and the sides of the entrance were five cubits on the one side, and five cubit…
Ezekiel 41:4 Lexical
He measured its length, twenty cubits, and the width, twenty cubits, before the nave. He said to me, “This is the most h…
Ezekiel 48:8 Lexical
“By the border of Judah, from the east side to the west side, shall be the offering which you shall offer, twenty-five t…
Ezekiel 48:9 Lexical
“The offering that you shall offer to the LORD shall be twenty-five thousand reeds in length, and ten thousand in width.
Ezekiel 45:5 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 48:13 Lexical
“Alongside the border of the priests, the Levites shall have twenty-five thousand cubits in length and ten thousand in w…
Ezekiel 48:10 Lexical
For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand in length, and toward…
Ezekiel 48:9 Lexical
“The offering that you shall offer to the LORD shall be twenty-five thousand reeds in length, and ten thousand in width.
Ezekiel 41:2 Lexical
The width of the entrance was ten cubits, and the sides of the entrance were five cubits on the one side, and five cubit…
Ezekiel 48:8 Lexical
“By the border of Judah, from the east side to the west side, shall be the offering which you shall offer, twenty-five t…
Ezekiel 45:6 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 48:21 Lexical
“The remainder shall be for the prince, on the one side and on the other of the holy offering and of the possession of t…
Ezekiel 48:10 Lexical
For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand in length, and toward…
Ezekiel 48:13 Lexical
“Alongside the border of the priests, the Levites shall have twenty-five thousand cubits in length and ten thousand in w…
Ezekiel 48:8 Lexical
“By the border of Judah, from the east side to the west side, shall be the offering which you shall offer, twenty-five t…
Ezekiel 48:9 Lexical
“The offering that you shall offer to the LORD shall be twenty-five thousand reeds in length, and ten thousand in width.
Ezekiel 45:7 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 48:21 Lexical
“The remainder shall be for the prince, on the one side and on the other of the holy offering and of the possession of t…
Ezekiel 48:8 Lexical
“By the border of Judah, from the east side to the west side, shall be the offering which you shall offer, twenty-five t…
Ezekiel 48:18 Lexical
The remainder of the length, alongside the holy offering, shall be ten thousand eastward and ten thousand westward; and…
Ezekiel 48:10 Lexical
For these, even for the priests, shall be the holy offering: toward the north twenty-five thousand in length, and toward…
Ezekiel 48:3 Lexical
“By the border of Asher, from the east side even to the west side, Naphtali, one portion.
Ezekiel 45:8 1 reference
Ezekiel 45:9 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 14:20 Lexical
though Noah, Daniel, and Job, were in it, as I live,” says the Lord GOD, “they would deliver neither son nor daughter; t…
Ezekiel 14:14 Lexical
though these three men, Noah, Daniel, and Job, were in it, they would deliver only their own souls by their righteousnes…
Amos 3:10 Lexical
“Indeed they don’t know to do right,” says the LORD, “Who hoard plunder and loot in their palaces.”
Ezekiel 18:9 Lexical
has walked in my statutes, and has kept my ordinances, to deal truly; he is just, he shall surely live,” says the Lord G…
Ezekiel 12:19 Lexical
Tell the people of the land, ‘The Lord GOD says concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem and the land of Israel: “They wi…
Ezekiel 45:10 2 references
Ezekiel 45:11 1 reference
Ezekiel 45:12 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 3:47 Lexical
you shall take five shekels apiece for each one; according to the shekel of the sanctuary you shall take them (the sheke…
Numbers 18:16 Lexical
You shall redeem those who are to be redeemed of them from a month old, according to your estimation, for five shekels o…
Leviticus 27:5 Lexical
If the person is from five years old to twenty years old, then your valuation shall be for a male twenty shekels, and fo…
Leviticus 27:25 Lexical
All your valuations shall be according to the shekel of the sanctuary: twenty gerahs to the shekel.
Exodus 30:13 Lexical
They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are counted, half a shekel according to the shekel of the sa…
Ezekiel 45:14 1 reference
Ezekiel 45:15 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 43:27 Lexical
When they have accomplished the days, it shall be that on the eighth day and onward, the priests shall make your burnt o…
Ezekiel 34:17 Lexical
“As for you, O my flock, the Lord GOD says: ‘Behold, I judge between sheep and sheep, the rams and the male goats.
Ezekiel 16:63 Lexical
that you may remember, and be confounded, and never open your mouth any more because of your shame, when I have forgiven…
Ezekiel 34:8 Lexical
“As I live,” says the Lord GOD, “surely because my sheep became a prey, and my sheep became food to all the animals of t…
Ezekiel 34:15 Lexical
I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I will cause them to lie down,” says the Lord GOD.
Ezekiel 45:17 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:39 Lexical
“‘You shall offer these to the LORD in your set feasts—in addition to your vows and your free will offerings—for your bu…
2 Chronicles 8:13 Lexical
even as the duty of every day required, offering according to the commandment of Moses on the Sabbaths, on the new moons…
Ezekiel 46:12 Lexical
When the prince prepares a free will offering, a burnt offering or peace offerings as a free will offering to the LORD,…
2 Kings 16:13 Lexical
He burned his burnt offering and his meal offering, poured his drink offering, and sprinkled the blood of his peace offe…
Leviticus 9:7 Lexical
Moses said to Aaron, “Draw near to the altar, and offer your sin offering, and your burnt offering, and make atonement f…
Ezekiel 45:18 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 43:23 Lexical
When you have finished cleansing it, you shall offer a young bull without defect and a ram out of the flock without defe…
Leviticus 4:3 Lexical
if the anointed priest sins so as to bring guilt on the people, then let him offer for his sin which he has sinned a you…
Ezekiel 46:6 Lexical
On the day of the new moon it shall be a young bull without defect, six lambs, and a ram. They shall be without defect.
Numbers 28:11 Lexical
“‘In the beginnings of your months, you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male l…
Ezekiel 43:19 Lexical
You shall give to the Levitical priests who are of the offspring of Zadok, who are near to me, to minister to me,’ says…
Ezekiel 45:19 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 43:20 Lexical
You shall take of its blood and put it on its four horns, and on the four corners of the ledge, and on the border all ar…
Ezekiel 44:27 Lexical
In the day that he goes into the sanctuary, into the inner court, to minister in the sanctuary, he shall offer his sin o…
Ezekiel 40:28 Lexical
Then he brought me to the inner court by the south gate. He measured the south gate according to these measurements;
Ezekiel 44:17 Lexical
“‘“It will be that when they enter in at the gates of the inner court, they shall be clothed with linen garments. No woo…
Ezekiel 40:32 Lexical
He brought me into the inner court toward the east. He measured the gate according to these measurements;
Ezekiel 45:21 5 references
Lexicals 5
Exodus 12:18 Lexical
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the twenty firs…
Numbers 28:16 Lexical
“‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the LORD’s Passover.
Leviticus 23:5 Lexical
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, is the LORD’s Passover.
Numbers 9:5 Lexical
They kept the Passover in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in the wilderness of Sinai. Ac…
Ezra 6:19 Lexical
The children of the captivity kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.
Ezekiel 45:22 2 references
Lexicals 2
Ezekiel 45:23 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 7:87 Lexical
all the cattle for the burnt offering twelve bulls, the rams twelve, the male lambs a year old twelve, and their meal of…
Ezekiel 43:25 Lexical
“Seven days you shall prepare every day a goat for a sin offering. They shall also prepare a young bull and a ram out of…
Ezekiel 43:22 Lexical
“On the second day you shall offer a male goat without defect for a sin offering; and they shall cleanse the altar, as t…
Leviticus 9:3 Lexical
You shall speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘Take a male goat for a sin offering; and a calf and a lamb, both a y…
Numbers 15:24 Lexical
then it shall be, if it was done unwittingly, without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall…
Ezekiel 45:24 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 46:11 Lexical
“‘“In the feasts and in the appointed holidays, the meal offering shall be an ephah for a bull, and an ephah for a ram,…
Ezekiel 46:7 Lexical
He shall prepare a meal offering: an ephah for the bull, and an ephah for the ram, and for the lambs according as he is…
Ezekiel 46:5 Lexical
and the meal offering shall be an ephah for the ram, and the meal offering for the lambs as he is able to give, and a hi…
Numbers 28:5 Lexical
with one tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil.
Ezekiel 46:14 Lexical
You shall prepare a meal offering with it morning by morning, the sixth part of an ephah, and the third part of a hin of…
Ezekiel 45:25 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:39 Lexical
“‘So on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the fea…
Numbers 29:12 Lexical
“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Leviticus 23:34 Lexical
“Speak to the children of Israel, and say, ‘On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of booths for seven…
Leviticus 23:6 Lexical
On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread to the LORD. Seven days you shall eat unleavened…
Numbers 28:17 Lexical
On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
Interlinear
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Lemma
Morphology
Semantic Range
Theological Significance
Translation Notes
Key Passages
Historical Context
Places and events in this chapter
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Timeline
Passover
c. 1446 BCGod's final plague on Egypt, killing the firstborn while 'passing over' Israelite homes marked with lamb's blood. This event secured Israel's freedom and prefigured Christ's sacrificial death.
Specific regulations for Passover offerings are included among the detailed festival requirements for worship.
Offerings and Festivals