Moses, typically portrayed as lawgiver and mediator, appears here powerless alongside Samuel as God declares even their intercession cannot avert divine judgment—highlighting the unprecedented severity of Judah's condemnation.
1Then the LORD said to me, “Though Moses and Samuel stood before me, yet my mind would not turn toward this people. Cast them out of my sight, and let them go out!
2It will happen when they ask you, ‘Where shall we go out?’ then you shall tell them, ‘The LORD says: “Such as are for death, to death; such as are for the sword, to the sword; such as are for the famine, to the famine; and such as are for captivity, to captivity.”’
3“I will appoint over them four kinds,” says the LORD: “the sword to kill, the dogs to tear, the birds of the sky, and the animals of the earth, to devour and to destroy.
4I will cause them to be tossed back and forth among all the kingdoms of the earth, because of Manasseh, the son of Hezekiah, king of Judah, for that which he did in Jerusalem.
5For who will have pity on you, Jerusalem? Who will mourn you? Who will come to ask of your welfare?
6You have rejected me,” says the LORD. “You have gone backward. Therefore I have stretched out my hand against you and destroyed you. I am weary of showing compassion.
7I have winnowed them with a fan in the gates of the land. I have bereaved them of children. I have destroyed my people. They didn’t return from their ways.
8Their widows are increased more than the sand of the seas. I have brought on them against the mother of the young men a destroyer at noonday. I have caused anguish and terrors to fall on her suddenly.
9She who has borne seven languishes. She has given up the spirit. Her sun has gone down while it was yet day. She has been disappointed and confounded. I will deliver their residue to the sword before their enemies,” says the LORD.
10Woe is me, my mother, that you have borne me, a man of strife, and a man of contention to the whole earth! I have not lent, neither have men lent to me; yet every one of them curses me.
11The LORD said, “Most certainly I will strengthen you for good. Most certainly I will cause the enemy to make supplication to you in the time of evil and in the time of affliction.
12Can one break iron, even iron from the north, and bronze?
13I will give your substance and your treasures for a plunder without price, and that for all your sins, even in all your borders.
14I will make them to pass with your enemies into a land which you don’t know; for a fire is kindled in my anger, which will burn on you.”
15LORD, you know. Remember me, visit me, and avenge me of my persecutors. You are patient, so don’t take me away. Know that for your sake I have suffered reproach.
16Your words were found, and I ate them. Your words were to me a joy and the rejoicing of my heart, for I am called by your name, LORD, God of Armies.
17I didn’t sit in the assembly of those who make merry and rejoice. I sat alone because of your hand, for you have filled me with indignation.
18Why is my pain perpetual, and my wound incurable, which refuses to be healed? Will you indeed be to me as a deceitful brook, like waters that fail?
19Therefore the LORD says, “If you return, then I will bring you again, that you may stand before me; and if you take out the precious from the vile, you will be as my mouth. They will return to you, but you will not return to them.
20I will make you to this people a fortified bronze wall. They will fight against you, but they will not prevail against you; for I am with you to save you and to deliver you,” says the LORD.
21“I will deliver you out of the hand of the wicked, and I will redeem you out of the hand of the terrible.”
God declares that His judgment on Judah is irrevocable, stating that even the intercession of Moses and Samuel could not turn away His wrath. Jeremiah responds with a deeply personal lament about the suffering his prophetic calling has brought him, expressing feelings of isolation and questioning God's faithfulness. The chapter concludes with God's reassurance to Jeremiah, promising protection and calling him to repentance while reaffirming his prophetic mission.
Context
This chapter follows Jeremiah's symbolic acts and intercession attempts in chapter 14, marking a turning point where God definitively refuses further intercession and Jeremiah's ministry becomes increasingly personal and costly.
Key Themes
Outline
God declares that even the intercession of great leaders like Moses and Samuel could not save this people from the complete destruction He has decreed.
person_contrast
Moses, typically portrayed as lawgiver and mediator, appears here powerless alongside Samuel as God declares even their intercession cannot avert divine judgment—highlighting the unprecedented severity of Judah's condemnation.
Jeremiah laments his difficult calling as a prophet, expressing his anguish while God promises to strengthen him despite the coming judgment and exile.
person_contrast
Jeremiah's cry "Woe is me, my mother" uniquely echoes Job's birth-curse language, making this the only prophetic book where divine calling becomes existential torment.
Jeremiah's lament to God about his suffering and persecution is met with divine reassurance of protection and calling. God promises to make him a fortified wall and deliver him from his enemies if he remains faithful to his prophetic mission.
person_contrast
Jeremiah's metaphor of "eating" God's words transforms divine judgment into personal nourishment, uniquely reversing his typical role from pronouncing condemnation to experiencing divine sustenance.
Moses, typically portrayed as lawgiver and mediator, appears here powerless alongside Samuel as God declares even their intercession cannot avert divine judgment—highlighting the unprecedented severity of Judah's condemnation.
Jeremiah's cry "Woe is me, my mother" uniquely echoes Job's birth-curse language, making this the only prophetic book where divine calling becomes existential torment.
Jeremiah's metaphor of "eating" God's words transforms divine judgment into personal nourishment, uniquely reversing his typical role from pronouncing condemnation to experiencing divine sustenance.
Connected passages across Scripture
He will come, and will strike the land of Egypt; such as are for death will be put to death, and such as are for captivi…
Therefore deliver up their children to the famine, and give them over to the power of the sword. Let their wives become…
In famine he will redeem you from death; in war, from the power of the sword.
“‘“I will make the counsel of Judah and Jerusalem void in this place. I will cause them to fall by the sword before thei…
“They will die grievous deaths. They will not be lamented, neither will they be buried. They will be as dung on the surf…
I will sweep away man and animal. I will sweep away the birds of the sky, the fish of the sea, and the heaps of rubble w…
The dogs will eat whoever belongs to Jeroboam who dies in the city; and the birds of the sky will eat whoever dies in th…
The dogs will eat whoever dies of Ahab in the city; and the birds of the sky will eat whoever dies in the field.”
your mother will be utterly disappointed. She who bore you will be confounded. Behold, she will be the least of the nati…
Those who were full have hired themselves out for bread. Those who were hungry are satisfied. Yes, the barren has borne…
The land mourns and languishes. Lebanon is confounded and withers away. Sharon is like a desert, and Bashan and Carmel a…
You, even of yourself, will discontinue from your heritage that I gave you. I will cause you to serve your enemies in th…
For a fire is kindled in my anger, that burns to the lowest Sheol, devours the earth with its increase, and sets the fou…
who say, ‘Stay by yourself, don’t come near to me, for I am holier than you.’ These are smoke in my nose, a fire that bu…
Word-by-word original language
Places and events in this chapter