Jeremiah's divine commission to search Jerusalem's streets for one righteous person directly parallels Abraham's negotiation with God over Sodom, where even ten righteous could have saved the city.
1“Run back and forth through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in its wide places, if you can find a man, if there is anyone who does justly, who seeks truth, then I will pardon her.
2Though they say, ‘As the LORD lives,’ surely they swear falsely.”
3O LORD, don’t your eyes look on truth? You have stricken them, but they were not grieved. You have consumed them, but they have refused to receive correction. They have made their faces harder than a rock. They have refused to return.
4Then I said, “Surely these are poor. They are foolish; for they don’t know the LORD’s way, nor the law of their God.
5I will go to the great men and will speak to them, for they know the way of the LORD, and the law of their God.” But these with one accord have broken the yoke, and burst the bonds.
6Therefore a lion out of the forest will kill them. A wolf of the evenings will destroy them. A leopard will watch against their cities. Everyone who goes out there will be torn in pieces, because their transgressions are many and their backsliding has increased.
7“How can I pardon you? Your children have forsaken me, and sworn by what are no gods. When I had fed them to the full, they committed adultery, and assembled themselves in troops at the prostitutes’ houses.
8They were as fed horses roaming at large. Everyone neighed after his neighbor’s wife.
9Shouldn’t I punish them for these things?” says the LORD. “Shouldn’t my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?
10“Go up on her walls, and destroy, but don’t make a full end. Take away her branches, for they are not the LORD’s.
11For the house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very treacherously against me,” says the LORD.
12They have denied the LORD, and said, “It is not he. Evil won’t come on us. We won’t see sword or famine.
13The prophets will become wind, and the word is not in them. Thus it will be done to them.”
14Therefore the LORD, the God of Armies says, “Because you speak this word, behold, I will make my words in your mouth fire, and this people wood, and it will devour them.
15Behold, I will bring a nation on you from far away, house of Israel,” says the LORD. “It is a mighty nation. It is an ancient nation, a nation whose language you don’t know and don’t understand what they say.
16Their quiver is an open tomb. They are all mighty men.
17They will eat up your harvest and your bread, which your sons and your daughters should eat. They will eat up your flocks and your herds. They will eat up your vines and your fig trees. They will beat down your fortified cities in which you trust with the sword.
18“But even in those days,” says the LORD, “I will not make a full end of you.
19It will happen when you say, ‘Why has the LORD our God done all these things to us?’ Then you shall say to them, ‘Just as you have forsaken me and served foreign gods in your land, so you will serve strangers in a land that is not yours.’
20“Declare this in the house of Jacob, and publish it in Judah, saying,
21‘Hear this now, foolish people without understanding, who have eyes, and don’t see, who have ears, and don’t hear:
22Don’t you fear me?’ says the LORD; ‘Won’t you tremble at my presence, who have placed the sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it can’t pass it? Though its waves toss themselves, yet they can’t prevail. Though they roar, they still can’t pass over it.’
23“But this people has a revolting and a rebellious heart. They have revolted and gone.
24They don’t say in their heart, ‘Let’s now fear the LORD our God, who gives rain, both the former and the latter, in its season, who preserves to us the appointed weeks of the harvest.’
25“Your iniquities have turned away these things, and your sins have withheld good from you.
26For wicked men are found among my people. They watch, as fowlers lie in wait. They set a trap. They catch men.
27As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit. Therefore they have become great, and grew rich.
28They have grown fat. They shine; yes, they excel in deeds of wickedness. They don’t plead the cause, the cause of the fatherless, that they may prosper; and they don’t defend the rights of the needy.
29“Shouldn’t I punish for these things?” says the LORD. “Shouldn’t my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?
30“An astonishing and horrible thing has happened in the land.
31The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests rule by their own authority; and my people love to have it so. What will you do in the end of it?
God commands Jeremiah to search Jerusalem for even one righteous person who might spare the city from judgment, but finds none among rich or poor. Despite God's discipline, the people have hardened their hearts, denied His authority, and dismissed prophetic warnings while pursuing idolatry and immorality. Though God will bring a foreign nation to devastate Judah as punishment, He promises not to completely destroy His people, explaining that their exile will mirror their unfaithfulness.
Context
This chapter intensifies the judgment themes from chapter 4, moving from general warnings to specific indictments of Jerusalem's complete moral failure.
Key Themes
Outline
God challenges Jeremiah to find even one righteous person in Jerusalem who could save the city, revealing the complete moral corruption of both poor and rich.
structural
Jeremiah's divine commission to search Jerusalem's streets for one righteous person directly parallels Abraham's negotiation with God over Sodom, where even ten righteous could have saved the city.
God announces judgment through a foreign nation that will devastate the land, yet promises not to make a complete end, explaining this as consequence for serving foreign gods.
theme_rarity
Jeremiah uniquely balances divine wrath with restraint, using the rare Hebrew phrase "lo ta'asu kalah" (don't make a complete end) to temper an otherwise devastating judgment oracle.
God condemns the spiritual blindness and rebellion of His people, who refuse to fear Him despite His sovereignty over creation and provision. The passage denounces corrupt leaders and warns of divine judgment for their wickedness and oppression of the vulnerable.
structural
Jeremiah uniquely contrasts the sea's obedience to God's sandy boundaries with Israel's rebellion, making this the only prophetic text where natural creation serves as a moral exemplar against human disobedience.
Jeremiah's divine commission to search Jerusalem's streets for one righteous person directly parallels Abraham's negotiation with God over Sodom, where even ten righteous could have saved the city.
Jeremiah uniquely balances divine wrath with restraint, using the rare Hebrew phrase "lo ta'asu kalah" (don't make a complete end) to temper an otherwise devastating judgment oracle.
Jeremiah uniquely contrasts the sea's obedience to God's sandy boundaries with Israel's rebellion, making this the only prophetic text where natural creation serves as a moral exemplar against human disobedience.
Connected passages across Scripture
I will get up now, and go about the city; in the streets and in the squares I will seek him whom my soul loves. I sought…
They will wander from sea to sea, and from the north even to the east; they will run back and forth to seek the LORD’s w…
In those days, and in that time,” says the LORD, “the iniquity of Israel will be sought for, and there will be none, als…
He said, “If now I have found favor in your sight, Lord, please let the Lord go among us, even though this is a stiff-ne…
It will come to pass in that day, says the LORD of Armies, that I will break his yoke from off your neck, and will burst…
“For long ago I broke off your yoke, and burst your bonds. You said, ‘I will not serve;’ for on every high hill and unde…
Now I will break his yoke from off you, and will burst your bonds apart.”
The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the young goat, the calf, the young lion, and the f…
Their horses also are swifter than leopards, and are more fierce than the evening wolves. Their horsemen press proudly o…
“Benjamin is a ravenous wolf. In the morning he will devour the prey. At evening he will divide the plunder.”
Her princes within it are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood and to destroy souls, that they may get dishonest…
Ask of the LORD rain in the spring time, the LORD who makes storm clouds, and he gives rain showers to everyone for the…
“Be glad then, you children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD, your God; for he gives you the early rain in just measure,…
Let’s acknowledge the LORD. Let’s press on to know the LORD. As surely as the sun rises, the LORD will appear. He will c…
He judged the cause of the poor and needy; so then it was well. Wasn’t this to know me?” says the LORD.
Open your mouth, judge righteously, and serve justice to the poor and needy.”
to deprive the needy of justice, and to rob the poor among my people of their rights, that widows may be their plunder,…
Learn to do well. Seek justice. Relieve the oppressed. Defend the fatherless. Plead for the widow.”
You, Pashhur, and all who dwell in your house will go into captivity. You will come to Babylon, and there you will die,…
Don’t listen to the words of the prophets who speak to you, saying, ‘You shall not serve the king of Babylon;’ for they…
Also I spoke to the priests and to all this people, saying, the LORD says, “Don’t listen to the words of your prophets w…
For I have not sent them,” says the LORD, “but they prophesy falsely in my name; that I may drive you out, and that you…
Then the LORD said to me, “The prophets prophesy lies in my name. I didn’t send them. I didn’t command them. I didn’t sp…
Word-by-word original language
Places and events in this chapter