Jesus shifts from his typical authoritative pronouncements to agricultural metaphors, marking one of only seven parables where he explicitly explains the Kingdom's mysterious workings through everyday farming imagery.
1On that day Jesus went out of the house and sat by the seaside.
2Great multitudes gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat and sat; and all the multitude stood on the beach.
3He spoke to them many things in parables, saying, “Behold, a farmer went out to sow.
4As he sowed, some seeds fell by the roadside, and the birds came and devoured them.
5Others fell on rocky ground, where they didn’t have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, because they had no depth of earth.
6When the sun had risen, they were scorched. Because they had no root, they withered away.
7Others fell among thorns. The thorns grew up and choked them.
8Others fell on good soil and yielded fruit: some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.
9He who has ears to hear, let him hear.”
10The disciples came, and said to him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?”
11He answered them, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven, but it is not given to them.
12For whoever has, to him will be given, and he will have abundance; but whoever doesn’t have, from him will be taken away even that which he has.
13Therefore I speak to them in parables, because seeing they don’t see, and hearing, they don’t hear, neither do they understand.
14In them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled, which says, ‘By hearing you will hear, and will in no way understand; Seeing you will see, and will in no way perceive;
15for this people’s heart has grown callous, their ears are dull of hearing, and they have closed their eyes; or else perhaps they might perceive with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their heart, and would turn again, and I would heal them.’
16“But blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear.
17For most certainly I tell you that many prophets and righteous men desired to see the things which you see, and didn’t see them; and to hear the things which you hear, and didn’t hear them.
18“Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.
19When anyone hears the word of the Kingdom and doesn’t understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away that which has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown by the roadside.
20What was sown on the rocky places, this is he who hears the word and immediately with joy receives it;
21yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while. When oppression or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles.
22What was sown among the thorns, this is he who hears the word, but the cares of this age and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.
23What was sown on the good ground, this is he who hears the word and understands it, who most certainly bears fruit and produces, some one hundred times as much, some sixty, and some thirty.”
24He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who sowed good seed in his field,
25but while people slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel weeds also among the wheat, and went away.
26But when the blade sprang up and produced grain, then the darnel weeds appeared also.
27The servants of the householder came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Where did these darnel weeds come from?’
28“He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ “The servants asked him, ‘Do you want us to go and gather them up?’
29“But he said, ‘No, lest perhaps while you gather up the darnel weeds, you root up the wheat with them.
30Let both grow together until the harvest, and in the harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First, gather up the darnel weeds, and bind them in bundles to burn them; but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”
31He set another parable before them, saying, “The Kingdom of Heaven is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took, and sowed in his field,
32which indeed is smaller than all seeds. But when it is grown, it is greater than the herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in its branches.”
33He spoke another parable to them. “The Kingdom of Heaven is like yeast which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, until it was all leavened.”
34Jesus spoke all these things in parables to the multitudes; and without a parable, he didn’t speak to them,
35that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, “I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden from the foundation of the world.”
36Then Jesus sent the multitudes away, and went into the house. His disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the darnel weeds of the field.”
37He answered them, “He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,
38the field is the world, the good seeds are the children of the Kingdom, and the darnel weeds are the children of the evil one.
39The enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.
40As therefore the darnel weeds are gathered up and burned with fire; so will it be at the end of this age.
41The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will gather out of his Kingdom all things that cause stumbling and those who do iniquity,
42and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
43Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the Kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.
44“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like treasure hidden in the field, which a man found and hid. In his joy, he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.
45“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a merchant seeking fine pearls,
46who having found one pearl of great price, he went and sold all that he had and bought it.
47“Again, the Kingdom of Heaven is like a dragnet that was cast into the sea and gathered some fish of every kind,
48which, when it was filled, fishermen drew up on the beach. They sat down and gathered the good into containers, but the bad they threw away.
49So it will be in the end of the world. The angels will come and separate the wicked from among the righteous,
50and will cast them into the furnace of fire. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”
51Jesus said to them, “Have you understood all these things?” They answered him, “Yes, Lord.”
52He said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has been made a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a householder, who brings out of his treasure new and old things.”
53When Jesus had finished these parables, he departed from there.
54Coming into his own country, he taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished and said, “Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works?
55Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t his mother called Mary, and his brothers James, Joses, Simon, and Judas?
56Aren’t all of his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all of these things?”
57They were offended by him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor, except in his own country and in his own house.”
58He didn’t do many mighty works there because of their unbelief.
Matthew 13 presents Jesus' extensive teaching through parables about the Kingdom of Heaven, delivered to crowds by the seaside. Jesus explains that parables both reveal and conceal spiritual truths, separating those with receptive hearts from those who are spiritually hardened. Through seven parables including the Sower, the Weeds, and the Hidden Treasure, Jesus illustrates how God's kingdom grows, transforms lives, and will ultimately triumph, though the chapter concludes with his rejection in his hometown of Nazareth.
Context
Following the mounting opposition in chapter 12, Jesus shifts to parabolic teaching that will characterize much of his ministry through chapter 25.
Key Themes
Outline
Jesus tells the parable of the sower to illustrate how different people receive the word of the Kingdom of Heaven with varying degrees of receptiveness and fruitfulness.
person_contrast
Jesus shifts from his typical authoritative pronouncements to agricultural metaphors, marking one of only seven parables where he explicitly explains the Kingdom's mysterious workings through everyday farming imagery.
Jesus explains to his disciples why he teaches in parables, revealing that spiritual understanding is given to some while others remain spiritually blind, fulfilling Isaiah's prophecy.
quotation_chain
Jesus transforms Isaiah's commission to harden hearts into an explanation for why parables simultaneously reveal and conceal divine mysteries.
Jesus interprets the parable of the sower, explaining how the word of the Kingdom is received differently based on spiritual conditions and worldly distractions.
person_contrast
Jesus uniquely links economic language ("riches," "deceitfulness of wealth") with spiritual failure, making this the only Gospel parable where material prosperity explicitly chokes divine reception.
Jesus tells the parable of the weeds to illustrate how good and evil will coexist until the final judgment when God will separate them.
person_contrast
Jesus uniquely delays judgment in this parable, contrasting his typical immediate authority with patient endurance until harvest—a rare portrayal of divine restraint.
Jesus uses the parable of the mustard seed to demonstrate how the Kingdom of Heaven starts small but grows to become great and provide shelter for many.
person_contrast
Jesus's choice of the mustard seed—technically a shrub, not a tree—subverts expectations by describing birds nesting in what would normally be considered a weed.
Jesus teaches about the Kingdom of Heaven using the metaphor of yeast that transforms a large amount of dough, illustrating how God's kingdom spreads and transforms from within.
theme_rarity
Jesus uniquely portrays the Kingdom of Heaven through feminine imagery—a woman kneading yeast—making this one of only five passages where divine kingdom and transformation themes converge.
Matthew explains that Jesus taught exclusively in parables to fulfill prophecy about revealing hidden truths through symbolic teaching.
person_contrast
Jesus's exclusive use of parables here uniquely positions him as both revealer and concealer, fulfilling Psalm 78:2's prophecy about unveiling mysteries while simultaneously hiding truth from unbelieving crowds.
Jesus explains the parable of the weeds, describing the final judgment when the righteous and wicked will be separated at the end of the age.
person_contrast
Jesus uniquely combines his role as "Son of Man" with agricultural imagery, appearing as both cosmic judge and patient farmer who allows weeds and wheat to coexist until harvest.
Jesus compares the Kingdom of Heaven to hidden treasure so valuable that a person joyfully sells everything to obtain it.
theme_rarity
Joy and the kingdom of God appear together in only two Gospel passages, making this treasure parable's emphasis on joyful sacrifice remarkably rare in Jesus's teaching.
Jesus illustrates the Kingdom of Heaven through a merchant who recognizes supreme value and sacrifices all his possessions to obtain one perfect pearl.
theme_rarity
The merchant's instant recognition of the pearl's supreme worth demonstrates how divine wisdom enables sacrificial action without hesitation or regret.
Jesus teaches about the Kingdom of Heaven through the parable of a fishing net, illustrating how the righteous and wicked will be separated at the end times.
structural
Matthew's central parable uniquely employs "συλλέγω" (gather/collect) four times in four verses, creating an intensive focus on divine sorting that appears nowhere else in Jesus' parables.
Jesus concludes his parables by comparing kingdom disciples to householders who bring forth both new and old treasures from their understanding.
person_contrast
Jesus uniquely positions scribes—typically his opponents—as ideal kingdom disciples who synthesize old Torah wisdom with new kingdom revelation, reversing their usual antagonistic role.
Jesus is rejected in his hometown of Nazareth, where people's familiarity with his family leads to unbelief and limits his miraculous works.
person_contrast
Matthew uniquely links Jesus's inability to perform miracles directly to the people's unbelief (apistia), making this the only Gospel passage where faith explicitly limits divine power.
Jesus shifts from his typical authoritative pronouncements to agricultural metaphors, marking one of only seven parables where he explicitly explains the Kingdom's mysterious workings through everyday farming imagery.
Jesus transforms Isaiah's commission to harden hearts into an explanation for why parables simultaneously reveal and conceal divine mysteries.
Jesus uniquely links economic language ("riches," "deceitfulness of wealth") with spiritual failure, making this the only Gospel parable where material prosperity explicitly chokes divine reception.
Jesus uniquely delays judgment in this parable, contrasting his typical immediate authority with patient endurance until harvest—a rare portrayal of divine restraint.
Jesus's choice of the mustard seed—technically a shrub, not a tree—subverts expectations by describing birds nesting in what would normally be considered a weed.
Jesus uniquely portrays the Kingdom of Heaven through feminine imagery—a woman kneading yeast—making this one of only five passages where divine kingdom and transformation themes converge.
Jesus's exclusive use of parables here uniquely positions him as both revealer and concealer, fulfilling Psalm 78:2's prophecy about unveiling mysteries while simultaneously hiding truth from unbelieving crowds.
Jesus uniquely combines his role as "Son of Man" with agricultural imagery, appearing as both cosmic judge and patient farmer who allows weeds and wheat to coexist until harvest.
Joy and the kingdom of God appear together in only two Gospel passages, making this treasure parable's emphasis on joyful sacrifice remarkably rare in Jesus's teaching.
The merchant's instant recognition of the pearl's supreme worth demonstrates how divine wisdom enables sacrificial action without hesitation or regret.
Matthew's central parable uniquely employs "συλλέγω" (gather/collect) four times in four verses, creating an intensive focus on divine sorting that appears nowhere else in Jesus' parables.
Jesus uniquely positions scribes—typically his opponents—as ideal kingdom disciples who synthesize old Torah wisdom with new kingdom revelation, reversing their usual antagonistic role.
Matthew uniquely links Jesus's inability to perform miracles directly to the people's unbelief (apistia), making this the only Gospel passage where faith explicitly limits divine power.
Connected passages across Scripture
Now in those days, a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be enrolled.
Again he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea…
Jesus departed from there and came near to the sea of Galilee; and he went up on the mountain and sat there.
Send therefore to Joppa and summon Simon, who is also called Peter. He is staying in the house of a tanner named Simon,…
He is staying with a tanner named Simon, whose house is by the seaside.
Again he began to teach by the seaside. A great multitude was gathered to him, so that he entered into a boat in the sea…
When Jesus had crossed back over in the boat to the other side, a great multitude was gathered to him; and he was by the…
He entered into one of the boats, which was Simon’s, and asked him to put out a little from the land. He sat down and ta…
Immediately he made his disciples get into the boat and go ahead to the other side, to Bethsaida, while he himself sent…
Immediately Jesus made the disciples get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side, while he sent the multitud…
“The farmer went out to sow his seed. As he sowed, some fell along the road, and it was trampled under foot, and the bir…
As he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.
The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes and takes aw…
Others fell on the rocky ground, where it had little soil, and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of soil…
They brought him to him, and when he saw him, immediately the spirit convulsed him and he fell on the ground, wallowing…
But above all things, my brothers, don’t swear—not by heaven, or by the earth, or by any other oath; but let your “yes”…
Most certainly I tell you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains by itself alone. But if it…
For the sun arises with the scorching wind and withers the grass; and the flower in it falls, and the beauty of its appe…
The fourth poured out his bowl on the sun, and it was given to him to scorch men with fire.
When the sun had risen, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.
As they passed by in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered away from the roots.
that you may be children of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sen…
Others fell into the good ground and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some produced thirty times, some sixty ti…
Those which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some…
Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
Some fell into the good ground and grew and produced one hundred times as much fruit.” As he said these things, he calle…
Most certainly I tell you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains by itself alone. But if it…
He said, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of God’s Kingdom, but to the rest it is given in parables, that ‘seei…
saying, ‘Go to this people and say, in hearing, you will hear, but will in no way understand. In seeing, you will see, b…
that ‘seeing they may see and not perceive, and hearing they may hear and not understand, lest perhaps they should turn…
With many such parables he spoke the word to them, as they were able to hear it.
saying, ‘Go to this people and say, in hearing, you will hear, but will in no way understand. In seeing, you will see, b…
that ‘seeing they may see and not perceive, and hearing they may hear and not understand, lest perhaps they should turn…
He said, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of God’s Kingdom, but to the rest it is given in parables, that ‘seei…
For this people’s heart has grown callous. Their ears are dull of hearing. Their eyes they have closed. Lest they should…
For this people’s heart has grown callous. Their ears are dull of hearing. Their eyes they have closed. Lest they should…
But as it is written, “Things which an eye didn’t see, and an ear didn’t hear, which didn’t enter into the heart of man,…
that ‘seeing they may see and not perceive, and hearing they may hear and not understand, lest perhaps they should turn…
saying, ‘Go to this people and say, in hearing, you will hear, but will in no way understand. In seeing, you will see, b…
He will go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah, ‘to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children,’ and the di…
Having eyes, don’t you see? Having ears, don’t you hear? Don’t you remember?
According as it is written, “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should…
Turning to the disciples, he said privately, “Blessed are the eyes which see the things that you see,
The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes and takes aw…
Those along the road are those who hear; then the devil comes and takes away the word from their heart, that they may no…
“The farmer went out to sow his seed. As he sowed, some fell along the road, and it was trampled under foot, and the bir…
As he sowed, some seed fell by the road, and the birds came and devoured it.
For this people’s heart has grown callous. Their ears are dull of hearing. Their eyes they have closed. Lest they should…
These in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receiv…
The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes and takes aw…
Those which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some…
Those on the rock are they who, when they hear, receive the word with joy; but these have no root. They believe for a wh…
and the cares of this age, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in choke the word, an…
What fell among the thorns, these are those who have heard, and as they go on their way they are choked with cares, rich…
Others are those who are sown among the thorns. These are those who have heard the word,
Others fell among the thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
These in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receiv…
Those which were sown on the good ground are those who hear the word, accept it, and bear fruit, some thirty times, some…
Others fell into the good ground and yielded fruit, growing up and increasing. Some produced thirty times, some sixty ti…
Those in the good ground, these are those who with an honest and good heart, having heard the word, hold it tightly, and…
These in the same way are those who are sown on the rocky places, who, when they have heard the word, immediately receiv…
The ones by the road are the ones where the word is sown; and when they have heard, immediately Satan comes and takes aw…
He said, “How will we liken God’s Kingdom? Or with what parable will we illustrate it?
Therefore the Kingdom of Heaven is like a certain king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants.
“The Kingdom of Heaven is like a certain king, who made a wedding feast for his son,
“Then the Kingdom of Heaven will be like ten virgins who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom.
It is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took and put in his own garden. It grew and became a large tree, and the…
The Lord said, “If you had faith like a grain of mustard seed, you would tell this sycamore tree, ‘Be uprooted and be pl…
He said to them, “Because of your unbelief. For most certainly I tell you, if you have faith as a grain of mustard seed,…
“For the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who was the master of a household, who went out early in the morning to hire la…
It’s like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, though it is less than all the seeds that are on…
yet when it is sown, grows up and becomes greater than all the herbs, and puts out great branches, so that the birds of…
It is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took and put in his own garden. It grew and became a large tree, and the…
“The farmer went out to sow his seed. As he sowed, some fell along the road, and it was trampled under foot, and the bir…
Most certainly I tell you, among those who are born of women there has not arisen anyone greater than John the Baptizer;…
A very great multitude spread their clothes on the road. Others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road.
It is like yeast, which a woman took and hid in three measures of flour, until it was all leavened.”
Your boasting is not good. Don’t you know that a little yeast leavens the whole lump?
A little yeast grows through the whole lump.
I saw another beast coming up out of the earth. He had two horns like a lamb and it spoke like a dragon.
“For the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who was the master of a household, who went out early in the morning to hire la…
and came and lived in a city called Nazareth; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophets that he w…
that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through Isaiah the prophet, saying, “He took our infirmities and bore our di…
For we who have believed do enter into that rest, even as he has said, “As I swore in my wrath, they will not enter into…
that the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation,
Then that which was spoken through Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled, saying, “They took the thirty pieces of silver, t…
Jesus said, “Most certainly I tell you, there is no one who has left house, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mothe…
Everyone who has left houses, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name…
The day began to wear away; and the twelve came and said to him, “Send the multitude away, that they may go into the sur…
Then two men will be in the field: one will be taken and one will be left.
They tried to seize him, but they feared the multitude; for they perceived that he spoke the parable against them. They…
There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in God’s Kingdom, a…
Throw out the unprofitable servant into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’
Then the king said to the servants, ‘Bind him hand and foot, take him away, and throw him into the outer darkness. That…
and will cut him in pieces and appoint his portion with the hypocrites. That is where the weeping and grinding of teeth…
but the children of the Kingdom will be thrown out into the outer darkness. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.…
Jesus looking at him loved him, and said to him, “One thing you lack. Go, sell whatever you have and give to the poor, a…
Jesus said to him, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure…
When Jesus heard these things, he said to him, “You still lack one thing. Sell all that you have and distribute it to th…
Sell what you have and give gifts to the needy. Make for yourselves purses which don’t grow old, a treasure in the heave…
“For the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who was the master of a household, who went out early in the morning to hire la…
When Jesus had crossed back over in the boat to the other side, a great multitude was gathered to him; and he was by the…
It is like a grain of mustard seed which a man took and put in his own garden. It grew and became a large tree, and the…
“For the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who was the master of a household, who went out early in the morning to hire la…
The voice which I heard from heaven, again speaking with me, said, “Go, take the book which is open in the hand of the a…
There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in God’s Kingdom, a…
but the children of the Kingdom will be thrown out into the outer darkness. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.…
Throw out the unprofitable servant into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’
Then the king said to the servants, ‘Bind him hand and foot, take him away, and throw him into the outer darkness. That…
and will cut him in pieces and appoint his portion with the hypocrites. That is where the weeping and grinding of teeth…
Isn’t this the carpenter, the son of Mary and brother of James, Joses, Judah, and Simon? Aren’t his sisters here with us…
Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Joses, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
When they had come in, they went up into the upper room where they were staying, that is Peter, John, James, Andrew, Phi…
There were also women watching from afar, among whom were both Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of James the less and…
Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to those who are called, sanctified by God the Father, and kept f…
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