Moses receives God's most detailed culinary calendar in Scripture, with "pleasant aroma" appearing 14 times across these two chapters—more than any other biblical section.
Numbers 28
Laws for Offerings and Festivals
1The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
2“Command the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘See that you present my offering, my food for my offerings made by fire, as a pleasant aroma to me, in their due season.’
3You shall tell them, ‘This is the offering made by fire which you shall offer to the LORD: male lambs a year old without defect, two day by day, for a continual burnt offering.
4You shall offer the one lamb in the morning, and you shall offer the other lamb at evening,
5with one tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil.
6It is a continual burnt offering which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.
7Its drink offering shall be the fourth part of a hin for each lamb. You shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to the LORD in the holy place.
8The other lamb you shall offer at evening. As the meal offering of the morning, and as its drink offering, you shall offer it, an offering made by fire, for a pleasant aroma to the LORD.
9“‘On the Sabbath day, you shall offer two male lambs a year old without defect, and two tenths of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, and its drink offering:
10this is the burnt offering of every Sabbath, in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
11“‘In the beginnings of your months, you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old without defect,
12and three tenths of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for each bull; and two tenth parts of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for the one ram;
13and one tenth part of fine flour mixed with oil for a meal offering to every lamb, as a burnt offering of a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.
14Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine for a bull, the third part of a hin for the ram, and the fourth part of a hin for a lamb. This is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year.
15Also, one male goat for a sin offering to the LORD shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
16“‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the LORD’s Passover.
17On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
18In the first day shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work,
19but you shall offer an offering made by fire, a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old. They shall be without defect,
20with their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil. You shall offer three tenths for a bull, and two tenths for the ram.
21You shall offer one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
22and one male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you.
23You shall offer these in addition to the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.
24In this way you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of the offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD. It shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
25On the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
26“‘Also in the day of the first fruits, when you offer a new meal offering to the LORD in your feast of weeks, you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work;
27but you shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old;
28and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three tenths for each bull, two tenths for the one ram,
29one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
30and one male goat, to make atonement for you.
31Besides the continual burnt offering and its meal offering, you shall offer them and their drink offerings. See that they are without defect.
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Theme
Numbers 28 establishes God's detailed instructions for regular sacrificial offerings that Israel must maintain throughout the year. The chapter systematically outlines daily burnt offerings, special Sabbath sacrifices, monthly new moon offerings, and the specific requirements for Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread. These regulations ensure consistent worship rhythm and demonstrate that approaching God requires careful attention to His prescribed methods, emphasizing both the regularity of devotion and the costliness of maintaining relationship with the holy God.
Context
This chapter begins a new section of cultic regulations following the census and inheritance laws, preparing Israel for organized worship in the promised land.
Key Themes
Outline
- 1-8 Daily Burnt Offerings Two lambs offered morning and evening with grain and drink offerings as continual worship.
- 9-10 Sabbath Offerings Additional sacrifices for the Sabbath day beyond the regular daily offerings.
- 11-15 Monthly New Moon Offerings Elaborate sacrifices including bulls, rams, and lambs to mark the beginning of each month.
- 16-25 Passover and Unleavened Bread Festival Seven-day celebration with specific daily offerings and restrictions on work.
Laws for Offerings and Festivals
28:1–29:40 law instruction solemn
God gives detailed instructions for daily, weekly, monthly, and festival offerings including burnt offerings, meal offerings, and drink offerings. These regulations establish the ritual calendar for Israel's worship.
person_contrast
Moses receives God's most detailed culinary calendar in Scripture, with "pleasant aroma" appearing 14 times across these two chapters—more than any other biblical section.
Insights
Cross-References
Connected passages across Scripture
Numbers 28:2 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 15:3 Lexical
and will make an offering by fire to the LORD—a burnt offering, or a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or as a free will o…
Numbers 15:13 Lexical
“‘All who are native-born shall do these things in this way, in offering an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma t…
Numbers 29:13 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Leviticus 1:13 Lexical
but the innards and the legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall offer the whole, and burn it on the altar. It is…
Numbers 28:3 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:13 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:36 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 6:14 Lexical
and he shall offer his offering to the LORD: one male lamb a year old without defect for a burnt offering, one ewe lamb…
Ezekiel 46:4 Lexical
The burnt offering that the prince shall offer to the LORD shall be on the Sabbath day, six lambs without defect and a r…
Numbers 28:4 5 references
Lexicals 5
Exodus 29:41 Lexical
The other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Exodus 29:39 Lexical
The one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening;
Esther 2:14 Lexical
In the evening she went, and on the next day she returned into the second women’s house, to the custody of Shaashgaz, th…
Genesis 1:8 Lexical
God called the expanse “sky”. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
Numbers 9:11 Lexical
In the second month, on the fourteenth day at evening they shall keep it; they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bi…
Numbers 28:5 5 references
Lexicals 5
Exodus 29:40 Lexical
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Leviticus 23:13 Lexical
The meal offering with it shall be two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire to the…
Numbers 15:4 Lexical
then he who offers his offering shall offer to the LORD a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed wit…
Ezekiel 46:14 Lexical
You shall prepare a meal offering with it morning by morning, the sixth part of an ephah, and the third part of a hin of…
Numbers 15:9 Lexical
then he shall offer with the bull a meal offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with half a hin of oil…
Numbers 28:6 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:6 Lexical
in addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Leviticus 8:21 Lexical
He washed the innards and the legs with water; and Moses burned the whole ram on the altar. It was a burnt offering for…
Exodus 29:25 Lexical
You shall take them from their hands, and burn them on the altar on the burnt offering, for a pleasant aroma before the…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Exodus 29:18 Lexical
You shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering to the LORD; it is a pleasant aroma, an offering made…
Numbers 28:7 2 references
Numbers 28:8 5 references
Lexicals 5
Exodus 29:41 Lexical
The other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:6 Lexical
in addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Exodus 29:39 Lexical
The one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening;
Numbers 15:10 Lexical
and you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the…
Numbers 28:9 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 14:10 Lexical
“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Exodus 29:40 Lexical
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Leviticus 14:21 Lexical
“If he is poor, and can’t afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make…
Numbers 15:4 Lexical
then he who offers his offering shall offer to the LORD a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed wit…
Numbers 29:14 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 28:10 5 references
Lexicals 5
Ezekiel 45:17 Lexical
It shall be the prince’s part to give the burnt offerings, the meal offerings, and the drink offerings, in the feasts, a…
Numbers 29:38 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:31 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:28 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:19 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 28:11 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:8 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:13 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:2 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 29:36 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 28:12 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:14 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6 Lexical
“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Leviticus 14:10 Lexical
“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Numbers 28:13 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:13 Lexical
The meal offering with it shall be two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire to the…
Leviticus 14:10 Lexical
“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Leviticus 14:21 Lexical
“If he is poor, and can’t afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Exodus 29:40 Lexical
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Numbers 28:14 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 15:5 Lexical
You shall prepare wine for the drink offering, one fourth of a hin, with the burnt offering or for the sacrifice, for ea…
Exodus 29:40 Lexical
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
1 Chronicles 29:21 Lexical
They sacrificed sacrifices to the LORD and offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the next day after that day, even one…
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 15:7 Lexical
and for the drink offering you shall offer the third part of a hin of wine, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD.
Numbers 28:15 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:25 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 29:11 Lexical
one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the sin offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and it…
Numbers 29:19 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:16 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 15:24 Lexical
then it shall be, if it was done unwittingly, without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall…
Numbers 28:16 5 references
Lexicals 5
2 Chronicles 35:1 Lexical
Josiah kept a Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem. They killed the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.
Ezekiel 45:21 Lexical
“‘“In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, you shall have the Passover, a feast of seven days; unleavene…
Leviticus 23:5 Lexical
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, is the LORD’s Passover.
Numbers 9:5 Lexical
They kept the Passover in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in the wilderness of Sinai. Ac…
Ezra 6:19 Lexical
The children of the captivity kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.
Numbers 28:17 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:6 Lexical
On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread to the LORD. Seven days you shall eat unleavened…
Leviticus 23:34 Lexical
“Speak to the children of Israel, and say, ‘On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of booths for seven…
Numbers 29:12 Lexical
“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Leviticus 23:39 Lexical
“‘So on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the fea…
Ezekiel 45:25 Lexical
“‘“In the seventh month, on the fifteenth day of the month, during the feast, he shall do like that for seven days. He s…
Numbers 28:18 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:35 Lexical
On the first day shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Leviticus 23:7 Lexical
In the first day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Leviticus 23:21 Lexical
You shall make proclamation on the same day that there shall be a holy convocation to you. You shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:1 Lexical
“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:12 Lexical
“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Numbers 28:19 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:13 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:36 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 29:8 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Numbers 29:2 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 28:20 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:14 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6 Lexical
“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Numbers 15:9 Lexical
then he shall offer with the bull a meal offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with half a hin of oil…
Numbers 28:21 2 references
Numbers 28:22 2 references
Numbers 28:23 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:31 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:19 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:28 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:16 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 29:34 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 28:24 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:6 Lexical
in addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Numbers 29:36 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Exodus 29:41 Lexical
The other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Numbers 15:10 Lexical
and you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the…
Numbers 28:25 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:1 Lexical
“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:12 Lexical
“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Leviticus 23:8 Lexical
But you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation. You shall…
Exodus 12:16 Lexical
In the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no kind of work sh…
Numbers 29:7 Lexical
“‘On the tenth day of this seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall afflict your souls. You shall do n…
Numbers 28:26 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:8 Lexical
But you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation. You shall…
Leviticus 23:36 Lexical
Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. On the eighth day shall be a holy convocation to you. Y…
Leviticus 23:21 Lexical
You shall make proclamation on the same day that there shall be a holy convocation to you. You shall do no regular work.…
Leviticus 23:7 Lexical
In the first day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Numbers 29:1 Lexical
“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 28:27 5 references
Lexicals 5
Leviticus 23:18 Lexical
You shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:8 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Numbers 29:13 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:2 Lexical
You shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 29:36 Lexical
but you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 28:28 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:14 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3 Lexical
and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6 Lexical
“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Leviticus 14:10 Lexical
“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Numbers 28:29 2 references
Numbers 28:30 1 reference
Numbers 28:31 5 references
Lexicals 5
Numbers 29:38 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:31 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:28 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:19 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:16 Lexical
and one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Interlinear
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